Third, improve Javan rhino habitats to ensure conditions are favorable for their reproduction. Some of these illnesses have even been found in the rhinos' immediate environment.Ī team of 105 volunteers from Ujung Kulon National Park departed from Peucang Island to conduct a census of the Javan rhino. Some diseases have been reported in the western part of Java that may infect rhinos, including Septicemia Epizootica (snoring sickness), anthrax (mad cow disease) and surra (blood infection). This could come from visitors, livestock, or pets living in the area and its immediate vicinity. Rhinos in Ujung Kulon are also quite vulnerable to the emergence and spread of disease outbreaks. Some sites in the area are also deemed sacred and serve as pilgrimage sites for people from all over the region. Illegal activities could endanger rhinos and other wildlife in the vicinity.Ī number of fishers use certain areas of the national park to hunt for fish or seek shelter from storms. Tsunami risk area due to earthquakes which can be either due to plate tectonic or volcanic related to activities of the nearby Mount Krakatoa.Īnother issue is that most of the Ujung Kulon area, which directly borders the open waters of the Sunda Strait, is still relatively open access. Their habitat is prone to rising sea levels as a result of tsunamis or global warming. Javan rhinos are also vulnerable to human threats and fragility of their habitat condition. Even if such accidents occur, the chances are high that a number of individuals will survive and preserve the species. In a large population, the risk becomes lower. These include demographic dynamics (such as changes in sex composition and age group), genetic processes, and disasters that may lead to their extinction.įor a small population living only in one area, a single catastrophic event might wipe out the entire species. To bring Javan rhino further away from the risk of extinction, conservation efforts must continue and even scaled up.īecause of its small number, the Javan rhino population is particularly vulnerable to stochastic or random natural events, which are difficult to foresee and control. There are an estimated 74 individuals in existence-that's not a large number for the global population of a species.
Javan rhinos are still classed as "critically endangered" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
With the loss of the last individual in Vietnam, Indonesia remains the only country that has been successful in protecting the species.Īs its population has increased, is the animal now safe from extinction? The Javan rhino was once found throughout many parts of Asia, but outside Indonesia its population has continued to dwindle.
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